Créer un jeu simple sur Scratch : Différence entre versions

[version en cours de rédaction][version en cours de rédaction]
 
(36 révisions intermédiaires par le même utilisateur non affichées)
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|Main_Picture=Faire_un_atelier_avec_Scratch_scratch.jpg
 
|Main_Picture=Faire_un_atelier_avec_Scratch_scratch.jpg
 
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|Description=Ce tutoriel vous apprendra comment réaliser un jeu basique sur Scratch.
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|Description=Ce tutoriel vous apprendra comment réaliser un jeu sur Scratch.
 
|Categories=Education, Numérique
 
|Categories=Education, Numérique
 
|Public=Professionnels, Grand public, Médiateurs
 
|Public=Professionnels, Grand public, Médiateurs
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|Type de contenu=Fiche action
 
 
|Difficulty=Medium
 
|Difficulty=Medium
 
|Duration=2
 
|Duration=2
Ligne 15 : Ligne 14 :
 
|Introduction=Scratch est un langage de programmation enfantin sous forme de blocs à empiler.
 
|Introduction=Scratch est un langage de programmation enfantin sous forme de blocs à empiler.
  
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Nous allons ici utiliser Scratch pour réaliser un jeu de "point-and-click" basique pour comprendre la méthode.
+
Nous allons voir quelques notions pour créer un jeu sur Scratch en réalisant un jeu de tir se déroulant dans l'espace.
  
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Dans cet exemple, le joueur suivra les aventures de Scratchy qui se rend à l'école pour la première fois.
+
Ce tutoriel peut servir en tant que trame d'atelier.<br />{{Info|Scratch se voulant avant tout simple à prendre en main, ses fonctions sont limités par rapport à d'autres langages de programmation, il ne faut donc pas être trop ambitieux. }}<br />
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Si vous ne vous êtes jamais servi de Scratch, il est recommandé de regarder le tutoriel dédié.
 
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<br />{{Info|Scratch se voulant avant tout simple à prendre en main, ses fonctions sont limités par rapport à d'autres langages de programmation, il ne faut donc pas être trop ambitieux. }}<br />
 
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{Materials
 
{{Materials
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}}
 
}}
 
{{Tuto Step
 
{{Tuto Step
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|Step_Title=Choisir le fond du jeu
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|Step_Title=Commencer à créer son jeu
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|Step_Content=Pour la première partie, nous allons partir Scratchy d'un plan
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|Step_Content=Depuis la page principale de Scratch, cliquer sur "créer".
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|Step_Picture_00=Cr_er_un_jeu_simple_sur_Scratch_Screenshot_2023-02-08_at_09-54-28_Scratch_-_Imagine_Program_Share.png
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|Step_Picture_00=Cr_er_un_jeu_simple_sur_Scratch_Screenshot_2023-08-21_at_12-09-51_Scratch_-_Imagine_Program_Share.png
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 +
}}
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{{Tuto Step
 +
|Step_Title=Donner un nom au jeu
 +
|Step_Content=Cliquer dans la barre blanche située en haut de la page de création et taper le nom souhaité en appuyant sur le bouton entrée pour le valider.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
> Ici, nous l’appellerons "Les aventures de Captain Donuts"
 +
|Step_Picture_00=Cr_er_un_jeu_simple_sur_Scratch_Screenshot_2023-08-21_at_12-17-58_Scratch_-_Untitled-14.png
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|Step_Picture_00_annotation={"version":"3.5.0","objects":[{"type":"image","version":"3.5.0","originX":"left","originY":"top","left":0,"top":0.09,"width":1098,"height":362,"fill":"rgb(0,0,0)","stroke":null,"strokeWidth":0,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":0.55,"scaleY":0.55,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"crossOrigin":"","cropX":0,"cropY":0,"src":"https://rennesmetropole.dokit.app/images/2/25/Cr_er_un_jeu_simple_sur_Scratch_Screenshot_2023-08-21_at_12-17-58_Scratch_-_Untitled-14.png","filters":[]},{"type":"wfline","version":"3.5.0","originX":"center","originY":"center","left":309,"top":26,"width":100,"height":0,"fill":"rgba(255,0,0,0)","stroke":"#FF0000","strokeWidth":4,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"round","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"x1":-50,"x2":50,"y1":0,"y2":0},{"type":"wfarrow2circle","version":"3.5.0","originX":"center","originY":"center","left":259,"top":26,"width":16,"height":16,"fill":"#aaa","stroke":"#666","strokeWidth":0,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":0.5,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"radius":8,"startAngle":0,"endAngle":6.283185307179586},{"type":"wfarrow2circle","version":"3.5.0","originX":"center","originY":"center","left":359,"top":26,"width":16,"height":16,"fill":"#aaa","stroke":"#666","strokeWidth":0,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":0.5,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"radius":8,"startAngle":0,"endAngle":6.283185307179586}],"height":198,"width":600}
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}}
 +
{{Tuto Step
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|Step_Title=Choisir des décors sur le thème de l'espace
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|Step_Content=Survoler l'icône circulaire en bas à droite de la page de création (1)
 +
 
 +
Un menu déroulant apparaît avec les options suivantes :
 +
 
 +
*Choisir un arrière-plan : Scratch contient une galerie de fonds d'écrans variée,
 +
*On peut aussi importer un fichier directement depuis son ordinateur,
 +
*Demander à Scratch de choisir aléatoirement un décor parmi sa galerie,
 +
*Modifier ou peindre un décor.
 +
 
 +
> Choisir les fonds d'écrans "Space" et "Galaxy" (le nom des arrières-plans est en anglais dans Scratch".
 +
 
 +
<br />
 +
|Step_Picture_00=Cr_er_un_jeu_simple_sur_Scratch_Screenshot_2023-08-21_at_12-23-55_Scratch_-_Mon_jeu.png
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|Step_Picture_00_annotation={"version":"3.5.0","objects":[{"type":"image","version":"3.5.0","originX":"left","originY":"top","left":0,"top":-0.06,"width":485,"height":844,"fill":"rgb(0,0,0)","stroke":null,"strokeWidth":0,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1.24,"scaleY":1.24,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"crossOrigin":"","cropX":0,"cropY":0,"src":"https://rennesmetropole.dokit.app/images/5/56/Cr_er_un_jeu_simple_sur_Scratch_Screenshot_2023-08-21_at_12-23-55_Scratch_-_Mon_jeu.png","filters":[]},{"type":"wfarrow2line","version":"3.5.0","originX":"center","originY":"center","left":491.5,"top":935.5,"width":99,"height":89,"fill":"rgba(255,0,0,0)","stroke":"#FF0000","strokeWidth":4,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"round","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"x1":-49.5,"x2":49.5,"y1":-44.5,"y2":44.5,"x2a":39.97504598962952,"y2a":25.17966741745041,"x2b":29.27825221142166,"y2b":37.07834813702994},{"type":"wfarrow2circle","version":"3.5.0","originX":"center","originY":"center","left":442,"top":891,"width":16,"height":16,"fill":"#aaa","stroke":"#666","strokeWidth":0,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":0.5,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"radius":8,"startAngle":0,"endAngle":6.283185307179586},{"type":"wfarrow2circle","version":"3.5.0","originX":"center","originY":"center","left":541,"top":980,"width":16,"height":16,"fill":"#aaa","stroke":"#666","strokeWidth":0,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":0.5,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"radius":8,"startAngle":0,"endAngle":6.283185307179586},{"type":"wfnumberedbullet","version":"3.5.0","originX":"left","originY":"top","left":428,"top":878,"width":25,"height":25,"fill":"rgb(0,0,0)","stroke":"#FF0000","strokeWidth":0,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"objects":[{"type":"circle","version":"3.5.0","originX":"center","originY":"center","left":0,"top":0,"width":24,"height":24,"fill":"#FF0000","stroke":null,"strokeWidth":1,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"radius":12,"startAngle":0,"endAngle":6.283185307179586},{"type":"text","version":"3.5.0","originX":"center","originY":"center","left":0,"top":0,"width":7.79,"height":15.82,"fill":"rgba(255,255,255,255)","stroke":null,"strokeWidth":1,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"text":"1","fontSize":14,"fontWeight":"normal","fontFamily":"arial","fontStyle":"normal","lineHeight":1.16,"underline":false,"overline":false,"linethrough":false,"textAlign":"left","textBackgroundColor":"","charSpacing":0,"styles":{} 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 +
}}
 +
{{Tuto Step
 +
|Step_Title=Séléctionner un arrière plan
 +
|Step_Content=Cliquer sur la partie "arrière plans" pour avoir un vue sur tous ceux choisis.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
> Sélectionner les arrières-plan "stars" et "Space". Il apparait alors à l'écran si ce n'étais pas déjà fait.
 +
|Step_Picture_00=Cr_er_un_jeu_simple_sur_Scratch_Screenshot_2023-08-30_at_10-49-31_Scratch_-_Les_aventures_du_Captain_Donuts.png
 +
}}
 +
{{Tuto Step
 +
|Step_Title=Choisir un Sprite
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|Step_Content={{Idea|...Dans Scratch, tous les personnages et objets sont appelés "Sprites"}}
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 +
 
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Survolez l'icône située à gauche de celle pour ajouter un décor (1)
 +
 
 +
Un menu déroulant apparaît avec les mêmes options que pour les décors, permettant de choisir un sprite dans la base de données ou d'en importer un et de le modifier.<br />Les Sprites apparaissent alors à l'écran du dessus. On peut les supprimer en cliquant dessus et en appuyant sur l'icône de poubelles (2)
 +
 
 +
On peut interagir avec le Sprite sélectionné en modifiant sa taille, son nom, son orientation, sa position sur la page en modifiant ses abscisses (x) et ordonnées (y)
 +
 
 +
 
 +
> Chercher dans la banque de données le Sprite appelé "Rocketship " en forme de vaisseau spatial en supprimant celui du chat.
 +
|Step_Picture_00=Cr_er_un_jeu_simple_sur_Scratch_Screenshot_2023-08-30_at_10-54-03_Scratch_-_Les_aventures_du_Captain_Donuts.png
 +
}}
 +
{{Tuto Step
 +
|Step_Title=Personnalisez le vaisseau spatial
 +
|Step_Content=Nous allons maintenant voir comment personnaliser le vaisseau.
 +
 
 +
Sur la page de création de Scratch, appuyer sur "costumes". Cette page affiche l'ensemble des apparences différentes de la fusée, appelés "costumes" (1).
 +
 
 +
Il est aussi possible de peindre la fusée d'une couleur différente avec le pinceau ou le pot de peinture, de dessiner dessus, d'utiliser la gomme pour en enlever des bouts, de tracer des cubes ou des cercles (2), ou encore d'inverser sa position, de copier coller un élément, de mettre sur un plan du décor différent (3).
 +
 
 +
 
 +
>Nous allons ici ajouter un élément depuis la base de données de Scratch (4). Choisir un Sprite "Donut", il apparaît en tant que nouveau costume. Appuyez sur "copier" dans le costume du Donut et cliquer sur le premier costume de la navette, cliquer ici sur "coller" pour y faire apparaître le Donuts.
 +
 
 +
Avec l'outil de sélection en forme de pointeur de souris, entourer le Donut, et appuyer sur "grouper " pour fusionner tous les éléments le composant. Le déplacer ensuite sur le hublot de la fusée, de sorte à ce qu'il le recouvre entièrement.
 +
 
 +
Sélectionnez ensuite un Sprite astronaute appelé "Ripley" dans la base de données de Scratch, dont nous allons nous servir en tant que personnage pour incarner Captain Donut.
 +
|Step_Picture_00=Cr_er_un_jeu_simple_sur_Scratch_Screenshot_2023-08-30_at_10-55-38_Scratch_-_Les_aventures_du_Captain_Donuts.png
 +
|Step_Picture_00_annotation={"version":"3.5.0","objects":[{"type":"image","version":"3.5.0","originX":"left","originY":"top","left":0,"top":0.02,"width":1894,"height":808,"fill":"rgb(0,0,0)","stroke":null,"strokeWidth":0,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":0.32,"scaleY":0.32,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"crossOrigin":"","cropX":0,"cropY":0,"src":"https://rennesmetropole.dokit.app/images/4/45/Cr_er_un_jeu_simple_sur_Scratch_Screenshot_2023-08-30_at_10-55-38_Scratch_-_Les_aventures_du_Captain_Donuts.png","filters":[]},{"type":"wfnumberedbullet","version":"3.5.0","originX":"left","originY":"top","left":18,"top":73,"width":25,"height":25,"fill":"rgb(0,0,0)","stroke":"#FF0000","strokeWidth":0,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"objects":[{"type":"circle","version":"3.5.0","originX":"center","originY":"center","left":0,"top":0,"width":24,"height":24,"fill":"#FF0000","stroke":null,"strokeWidth":1,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"radius":12,"startAngle":0,"endAngle":6.283185307179586},{"type":"text","version":"3.5.0","originX":"center","originY":"center","left":0,"top":0,"width":7.79,"height":15.82,"fill":"rgba(255,255,255,255)","stroke":null,"strokeWidth":1,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"text":"1","fontSize":14,"fontWeight":"normal","fontFamily":"arial","fontStyle":"normal","lineHeight":1.16,"underline":false,"overline":false,"linethrough":false,"textAlign":"left","textBackgroundColor":"","charSpacing":0,"styles":{} 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 +
}}
 +
{{Tuto Step
 +
|Step_Title=Créer des barres de scores
 +
|Step_Content=Nous allons commencer par ajouter une barre de vie. Dans la base de données des Sprites, chercher un appelé "Heart" (1).
 +
 
 +
Réduire sa taille à 20 (2), et le déplacer sur le coin supérieur gauche de l'écran(3).
 +
 
 +
Nous allons ajouter une seconde barre avec le Sprites "Donut" qui représentera le nombre de Donuts accumulés dans le niveau. Le placer juste en dessous du cœur(4) après avoir réduit sa taille à 20.
 +
|Step_Picture_00=Cr_er_un_jeu_simple_sur_Scratch_Screenshot_2023-08-31_at_11-00-53_Scratch_-_Les_aventures_du_Captain_Donuts.png
 +
|Step_Picture_00_annotation={"version":"3.5.0","objects":[{"type":"image","version":"3.5.0","originX":"left","originY":"top","left":0,"top":-0.2,"width":497,"height":856,"fill":"rgb(0,0,0)","stroke":null,"strokeWidth":0,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1.21,"scaleY":1.21,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"crossOrigin":"","cropX":0,"cropY":0,"src":"https://rennesmetropole.dokit.app/images/9/9e/Cr_er_un_jeu_simple_sur_Scratch_Screenshot_2023-08-31_at_11-00-53_Scratch_-_Les_aventures_du_Captain_Donuts.png","filters":[]},{"type":"wfarrow2line","version":"3.5.0","originX":"center","originY":"center","left":384,"top":929.5,"width":86,"height":103,"fill":"rgba(255,0,0,0)","stroke":"#FF0000","strokeWidth":4,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"round","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"x1":-43,"x2":43,"y1":-51.5,"y2":51.5,"x2a":36.32253766812891,"y2a":31.020461508948927,"x2b":24.040776593437432,"y2b":41.27513580432239},{"type":"wfarrow2circle","version":"3.5.0","originX":"center","originY":"center","left":341,"top":878,"width":16,"height":16,"fill":"#aaa","stroke":"#666","strokeWidth":0,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":0.5,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"radius":8,"startAngle":0,"endAngle":6.283185307179586},{"type":"wfarrow2circle","version":"3.5.0","originX":"center","originY":"center","left":427,"top":981,"width":16,"height":16,"fill":"#aaa","stroke":"#666","strokeWidth":0,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":0.5,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"radius":8,"startAngle":0,"endAngle":6.283185307179586},{"type":"wfnumberedbullet","version":"3.5.0","originX":"left","originY":"top","left":322,"top":860,"width":25,"height":25,"fill":"rgb(0,0,0)","stroke":"#FF0000","strokeWidth":0,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"objects":[{"type":"circle","version":"3.5.0","originX":"center","originY":"center","left":0,"top":0,"width":24,"height":24,"fill":"#FF0000","stroke":null,"strokeWidth":1,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"radius":12,"startAngle":0,"endAngle":6.283185307179586},{"type":"text","version":"3.5.0","originX":"center","originY":"center","left":0,"top":0,"width":7.79,"height":15.82,"fill":"rgba(255,255,255,255)","stroke":null,"strokeWidth":1,"strokeDashArray":null,"strokeLineCap":"butt","strokeDashOffset":0,"strokeLineJoin":"miter","strokeMiterLimit":4,"scaleX":1,"scaleY":1,"angle":0,"flipX":false,"flipY":false,"opacity":1,"shadow":null,"visible":true,"clipTo":null,"backgroundColor":"","fillRule":"nonzero","paintFirst":"fill","globalCompositeOperation":"source-over","transformMatrix":null,"skewX":0,"skewY":0,"text":"1","fontSize":14,"fontWeight":"normal","fontFamily":"arial","fontStyle":"normal","lineHeight":1.16,"underline":false,"overline":false,"linethrough":false,"textAlign":"left","textBackgroundColor":"","charSpacing":0,"styles":{} 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 +
}}
 +
{{Tuto Step
 +
|Step_Title=Choisir des ingrédients pour le jeu
 +
|Step_Content=Nous allons choisir la liste des ingrédients qu'on pourra trouver dans le niveau.
 +
 
 +
On choisit d'abord un Donut dans la base des Sprites, puisque le seul que doit manger Captain Donuts.
 +
 
 +
On ajoute ensuite 3 autres ingrédients que le Captain devra éviter sous peine de perdre des PV.
 +
 
 +
Réduire la taille de tous les ingrédients à 50.
 +
|Step_Picture_00=Cr_er_un_jeu_simple_sur_Scratch_Screenshot_2023-08-31_at_11-36-12_Scratch_-_Les_aventures_du_Captain_Donuts.png
 +
}}
 +
{{Tuto Step
 +
|Step_Title=Choisir des ennemis
 +
|Step_Content=Nous allons maintenant ajouter des ennemis que l'on va croiser dans le niveau. Comme il s’agit d'un niveau se déroulant dans l'espace, penser à en ajouter qui flottent, comme  les fantômes ( "ghosts" ) ou les méduses ("jellyfish").
 +
 
 +
En ajouter trois différents.
 +
 
 +
Réduire leurs tailles à 70.
 +
|Step_Picture_00=Cr_er_un_jeu_simple_sur_Scratch_Screenshot_2023-08-31_at_11-46-39_Scratch_-_Les_aventures_du_Captain_Donuts.png
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{Notes}}
 
{{Notes}}

Version actuelle datée du 10 octobre 2023 à 15:51

Ce tutoriel vous apprendra comment réaliser un jeu sur Scratch.

Auteur avatarMartin Clarissou | Dernière modification 10/10/2023 par Martin Clarissou en cours de rédaction

Difficulté
Moyen
Durée
2 heure(s)
Public
Professionnels, Grand public, Médiateurs
Licence
CC-BY-NC-SA
Ce tutoriel vous apprendra comment réaliser un jeu sur Scratch.
Difficulté
Moyen
Durée
2 heure(s)
Public
Professionnels, Grand public, Médiateurs
Licence
CC-BY-NC-SA
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Introduction

Scratch est un langage de programmation enfantin sous forme de blocs à empiler.

Nous allons voir quelques notions pour créer un jeu sur Scratch en réalisant un jeu de tir se déroulant dans l'espace.

Ce tutoriel peut servir en tant que trame d'atelier.
Scratch se voulant avant tout simple à prendre en main, ses fonctions sont limités par rapport à d'autres langages de programmation, il ne faut donc pas être trop ambitieux.

Tutoriels prérequis

Étape 1 - Commencer à créer son jeu

Depuis la page principale de Scratch, cliquer sur "créer".

Cr er un jeu simple sur Scratch Screenshot 2023-08-21 at 12-09-51 Scratch - Imagine Program Share.png




Étape 2 - Donner un nom au jeu

Cliquer dans la barre blanche située en haut de la page de création et taper le nom souhaité en appuyant sur le bouton entrée pour le valider.


> Ici, nous l’appellerons "Les aventures de Captain Donuts"




Étape 3 - Choisir des décors sur le thème de l'espace

Survoler l'icône circulaire en bas à droite de la page de création (1)

Un menu déroulant apparaît avec les options suivantes :

  • Choisir un arrière-plan : Scratch contient une galerie de fonds d'écrans variée,
  • On peut aussi importer un fichier directement depuis son ordinateur,
  • Demander à Scratch de choisir aléatoirement un décor parmi sa galerie,
  • Modifier ou peindre un décor.

> Choisir les fonds d'écrans "Space" et "Galaxy" (le nom des arrières-plans est en anglais dans Scratch".





Étape 4 - Séléctionner un arrière plan

Cliquer sur la partie "arrière plans" pour avoir un vue sur tous ceux choisis.


> Sélectionner les arrières-plan "stars" et "Space". Il apparait alors à l'écran si ce n'étais pas déjà fait.

Cr er un jeu simple sur Scratch Screenshot 2023-08-30 at 10-49-31 Scratch - Les aventures du Captain Donuts.png




Étape 5 - Choisir un Sprite

...Dans Scratch, tous les personnages et objets sont appelés "Sprites"


Survolez l'icône située à gauche de celle pour ajouter un décor (1)

Un menu déroulant apparaît avec les mêmes options que pour les décors, permettant de choisir un sprite dans la base de données ou d'en importer un et de le modifier.
Les Sprites apparaissent alors à l'écran du dessus. On peut les supprimer en cliquant dessus et en appuyant sur l'icône de poubelles (2)

On peut interagir avec le Sprite sélectionné en modifiant sa taille, son nom, son orientation, sa position sur la page en modifiant ses abscisses (x) et ordonnées (y)


> Chercher dans la banque de données le Sprite appelé "Rocketship " en forme de vaisseau spatial en supprimant celui du chat.

Cr er un jeu simple sur Scratch Screenshot 2023-08-30 at 10-54-03 Scratch - Les aventures du Captain Donuts.png




Étape 6 - Personnalisez le vaisseau spatial

Nous allons maintenant voir comment personnaliser le vaisseau.

Sur la page de création de Scratch, appuyer sur "costumes". Cette page affiche l'ensemble des apparences différentes de la fusée, appelés "costumes" (1).

Il est aussi possible de peindre la fusée d'une couleur différente avec le pinceau ou le pot de peinture, de dessiner dessus, d'utiliser la gomme pour en enlever des bouts, de tracer des cubes ou des cercles (2), ou encore d'inverser sa position, de copier coller un élément, de mettre sur un plan du décor différent (3).


>Nous allons ici ajouter un élément depuis la base de données de Scratch (4). Choisir un Sprite "Donut", il apparaît en tant que nouveau costume. Appuyez sur "copier" dans le costume du Donut et cliquer sur le premier costume de la navette, cliquer ici sur "coller" pour y faire apparaître le Donuts.

Avec l'outil de sélection en forme de pointeur de souris, entourer le Donut, et appuyer sur "grouper " pour fusionner tous les éléments le composant. Le déplacer ensuite sur le hublot de la fusée, de sorte à ce qu'il le recouvre entièrement.

Sélectionnez ensuite un Sprite astronaute appelé "Ripley" dans la base de données de Scratch, dont nous allons nous servir en tant que personnage pour incarner Captain Donut.

Cr er un jeu simple sur Scratch Screenshot 2023-08-30 at 10-55-38 Scratch - Les aventures du Captain Donuts.png




Étape 7 - Créer des barres de scores

Nous allons commencer par ajouter une barre de vie. Dans la base de données des Sprites, chercher un appelé "Heart" (1).

Réduire sa taille à 20 (2), et le déplacer sur le coin supérieur gauche de l'écran(3).

Nous allons ajouter une seconde barre avec le Sprites "Donut" qui représentera le nombre de Donuts accumulés dans le niveau. Le placer juste en dessous du cœur(4) après avoir réduit sa taille à 20.

Cr er un jeu simple sur Scratch Screenshot 2023-08-31 at 11-00-53 Scratch - Les aventures du Captain Donuts.png




Étape 8 - Choisir des ingrédients pour le jeu

Nous allons choisir la liste des ingrédients qu'on pourra trouver dans le niveau.

On choisit d'abord un Donut dans la base des Sprites, puisque le seul que doit manger Captain Donuts.

On ajoute ensuite 3 autres ingrédients que le Captain devra éviter sous peine de perdre des PV.

Réduire la taille de tous les ingrédients à 50.

Cr er un jeu simple sur Scratch Screenshot 2023-08-31 at 11-36-12 Scratch - Les aventures du Captain Donuts.png




Étape 9 - Choisir des ennemis

Nous allons maintenant ajouter des ennemis que l'on va croiser dans le niveau. Comme il s’agit d'un niveau se déroulant dans l'espace, penser à en ajouter qui flottent, comme les fantômes ( "ghosts" ) ou les méduses ("jellyfish").

En ajouter trois différents.

Réduire leurs tailles à 70.

Cr er un jeu simple sur Scratch Screenshot 2023-08-31 at 11-46-39 Scratch - Les aventures du Captain Donuts.png




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